Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas. Pathology occurs in acute and chronic forms. The condition has a fairly specific symptomatology: severe pain in the left hypochondrium, sometimes with belt character, smelly stools, nausea and vomiting.
Diet for pancreatic pancreatitis is one of the main areas of treatment of pathology. The patient's menu depends on the general state of health and the period of illness. It is necessary to adhere to medical nutrition for several months.
General principles
Nutrition for pancreatitis in the pancreas should be sparse. Basic principles of diet:
- fractionated nutrition - food should be taken five to six times a day in small portions;
- dishes must be mashed, which facilitates the process of digesting food;
- permitted cooking methods are steaming and boiling;
- fresh vegetables and fruits are completely forbidden, ie. not cooked;
- the permissible daily amount of salt is not more than 5 grams;
- it is mandatory to take infusions and decoctions of raspberries;
- dishes served to the table should be hot - hot and cold are contraindicated;
- preservation, semi-finished products, fatty / fried / very salty foods and products are completely prohibited.
Deviation from the principles of dietary nutrition may provoke the development of an attack of pancreatitis.
Permitted and prohibited products
To reduce the production of pancreatic juice and reduce the load on the inflamed gland, it is necessary to completely exclude from the patient's diet:
- Soups cooked in rich meat, fish and mushroom broth as well as complex soups - cabbage soup, pickles, borscht. Cold and dairy products are excluded.
- Bread - today's wheat / rye flour baked goods, puff pastry and cakes, butter fried pies, tortillas.
- Fatty meat - pork, lamb, duck, goose - sausages, offal, canned food and smoked meat.
- A fish. Fat varieties, smoked, salted is forbidden.
- High fat milk and lactic acid products.
- Groats - millet, pearl barley, wheat, corn.
- Fried and hard-boiled eggs.
- Vegetables - turnip, radish, garlic, pepper, eggplant, cabbage, spinach.
- Sweets - jam, ice cream, fresh dates, grapes, bananas, figs.
- Spicy spices.
- Coffee, strong brewed tea, coffee, soda, grape juice.
- Refractory fats - pork, beef, lamb.
When developing a menu for each day, it is necessary to take into account the recommendations of nutritionists and use only approved products. That:
- dried bread, biscuits, homemade biscuits;
- vegetarian soups with the addition of pureed vegetables - potatoes, zucchini, pumpkin, carrots - noodles, semolina or oatmeal;
- lean meats - chicken, rabbit, turkey - in the form of steamed chops, soufflé, dumplings, beef stroganoff;
- low-fat fish species - saithe, carp, cod;
- cereals - oatmeal, semolina, rice - used to make cereals, stews, puddings;
- low-fat milk and lactic acid products;
- steam omelet without egg yolks;
- vegetables - potatoes, zucchini, beets, pumpkins, cauliflower, carrots, green peas;
- sweet berries and fruits in the form of mousse, jellies, puddings, baked apples;
- sauces - dairy products and cooked in vegetable broth (when using flour, the latter is not sautéed);
- butter and vegetable oil;
- weak tea with lemon, stagnant mineral water, rosehip decoction, juice diluted with water.
Diet for acute pancreatitis
If we are talking about what kind of diet is recommended for the patient with an acute form of inflammation, then this is the treatment table 5P. During the first two to four days, complete starvation for one person is recommended. Only liquid intake is allowed - a decoction of rosehip, Borjomi (without gas), weak tea. Then the patient switches to nutritional therapy. The menu must contain unsalted but rich in carbohydrate dishes.
An approximate list of dishes that can be included in the menu:
- steam pomelo on proteins;
- meat soufflé;
- fish and meatballs;
- pureed soups - rice and oatmeal - and vegetarian options;
- vegetable puree;
- mashed porridge - rice, buckwheat, oatmeal;
- apples in the form of jelly or mousse;
- fruit drinks from wild roseberries, cranberries, blackcurrants;
- tea with added milk;
- cottage cheese and dishes from it;
- grain puddings.
Before going to bed, you can offer kefir, yogurt, a glass of water with a spoonful of honey dissolved in it, prunes and raisins.
About ugemenu
When preparing a menu for a week, keep in mind that the patient's diet should be varied. When developing a menu for a patient for the entire week, you can use the following recommendations.
Breakfast can be served with a salad of boiled beets and dried fruit compote, 150 grams of low-fat cottage cheese and a decoction of rosehips, a steamed omelette without egg yolks, weak tea with biscuits, grated oatmeal and berry jelly, pumpkin porridge, rosehip drink, cheese with biscuits, rosehip broth, pureed buckwheat porridge, compote.
Second breakfast: well-cooked rice porridge with steamed raisins, carrot salad with vegetable oil, apple stuffed with dried apricots and baked in the oven, pumpkin and carrot puree, boiled beets, apple baked with sugar.
For lunch, vegetarian soups are allowed, such as borscht, boiled fish garnished with well-cooked rice, boiled beef, cottage cheese stew, steamed chicken chop, pasta with boiled minced meat, sauté. Snack options: permitted fruit jelly, vegetable roll, fresh berry jelly, fruit pudding, oven-baked potatoes, sandwich with butter and a slice of cheese, bean puree.
Dinner: baked apple puree and low-fat yogurt, rice porridge with raisins, varenets, vinaigrette and yogurt, steamed cauliflower, a glass of yogurt, zucchini caviar, kefir, steamed omelet, fermented baked milk, rice porridge yogurt.
Changing dishes allows you to create a "tasty" weekly menu that will supply the patient's body with all the necessary substances, but at the same time the pancreas will receive a minimal nutritional load. You can find recipes for some dishes below.
Nutrition for the combined course of pancreatitis with gastritis or cholecystitis
If the underlying disease is accompanied by the development of cholecystitis, the menu is allowed to include:
- slimy soups made from rice, oatmeal or semolina;
- mashed porridge, boiled in water, it is strictly forbidden to add milk and butter;
- vegetable juices, compotes;
- homemade white bread croutons;
- mashed boiled meat, fish;
- low-fat cottage cheese.
With a combined course of pancreatitis and gastritis, the menu should include mashed soups from oatmeal, rice and semolina, to which you can add egg yolk and a little butter, mashed vegetables - potatoes, carrots, beets - with the addition of milk or cream, steam soufflés, chops, etc. dumplings from minced meat and fish.
The strict option is recommended only in the acute period of the disease. After stabilizing the condition, the person switches to a diet recommended for chronic pancreatitis.
Features of the diet in childhood
The guiding principles of the diet of children are fragmentation, the maximum degree of grinding, compliance with the requirements of culinary processing and variety. Small portions, if served often, prevent the child from feeling hungry. In this case, there is no violation of the metabolic process.
The daily caloric intake is calculated based on the child's weight and age. In the remission stage, the menu may contain fresh vegetables and fruits (to a limited extent), but the basis of the diet is cereals with milk, minced meat dishes - chicken, turkey, vegetable soups without the addition of meat, fish - cooked or baked, cooked vegetables, dairy products. In small quantities and daily it is allowed to give the child marshmallows, jam, marmalade, jam, honey.
Important!When introducing a new product into the diet, it is necessary to monitor the condition of the baby.
Recipes
We offer you several recipes for dishes that can be prepared with diagnosed pancreatitis.
Beef pudding
Grind the cooked beef (130 g) in a blender bowl. Add semolina (10 g), beaten egg whites, plum and a little water (about 1/3 cup) to the puree. Add a few crystals of salt. Grease the pan with oil, place the cooked minced meat and cook in a double boiler.
Fish balls
Grind lean fish (300 g) in a meat mincer. Grind a quarter of the dried bread and pour the pieces with milk (100 ml). Squeeze the bread and mix it with minced meat, add a few whipped proteins. Add salt and mix thoroughly. Form small balls with two spoons and cook them tender in salted water. This will take about 15 minutes.
Vegetable puree soup
Cook until pre-cooked potatoes (2 pcs. ), Carrots and half a small zucchini. Drain the broth in a separate bowl and chop the vegetables into the puree with a blender. Pour the puree with broth to the desired consistency and bring to a boil. Cook for 3 minutes. Serve warm with a spoonful of sour cream in the soup.
Fish pudding
The fish body must be divided into two fillets. Boil the first and rub through a sieve. Grind the other part in a meat mincer. Combine both masses, add egg yolks, butter, salt. Knead. Distribute in portion forms and steam.
Chicken soufflé
Grind cooked chicken in a meat mincer. Add egg yolks and butter to the minced meat. Mix thoroughly. Then gently add whipped whites to the fluffy foam. Put the mass in a mold and steam.
Banana dessert
Dissolve 2 packets of gelatin according to the instructions. Add 250 ml of natural yogurt from it. Steam a few bananas and peeled peaches. Place foil in the bottom of the plastic mold. Form the dessert into layers - biscuit crumbs, yogurt cream with gelatin, banana-peach puree. Changing layers. Put the sweetness in the fridge to solidify the jelly.
Adherence to the principles of dietary nutrition for pancreatitis is a prerequisite for achieving sustained and long-term remission. The menu for patients with pancreatitis in adults and children, with the right approach to development, can be quite varied and fully satisfy all the needs of the body.